{"id":9139,"date":"2023-08-16T15:25:04","date_gmt":"2023-08-16T15:25:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/dialtous.com\/?p=9139"},"modified":"2023-08-16T15:25:04","modified_gmt":"2023-08-16T15:25:04","slug":"nam-cham-alnico-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialtous.com\/nam-cham-alnico-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"SO S\u00c1NH NAM CH\u00c2M NEODYMIUM, ALNICO V\u00c0 FERRITE TRONG C\u1ee6 LOA"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i loa \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9ng (dynamic), t\u1eeb tai nghe nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn cho \u0111\u1ebfn loa s\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3, \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn quan tr\u1ecdng chung: nam ch\u00e2m. Nam ch\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ph\u00eda sau c\u1ee7 loa, c\u00f3 t\u00e2m th\u1eb3ng h\u00e0ng v\u1edbi t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a m\u00e0ng loa v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed3ng (cu\u1ed9n \u00e2m). Nam ch\u00e2m t\u1ea1o ra l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9n \u00e2m, khi cu\u1ed9n \u00e2m c\u00f3 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ea1y qua, t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u00e2m thanh. Khi t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u00e2m, nam ch\u00e2m t\u1eeb t\u1eeb h\u00fat cu\u1ed9n \u00e2m v\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea9y ra khi t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u d\u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u1ea1o ra dao \u0111\u1ed9ng cho m\u00e0ng loa v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra \u00e2m thanh. Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nam ch\u00e2m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00e2m thanh v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a c\u1ee7 loa, v\u00ec v\u1eady c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t driver th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ea1ch nam ch\u00e2m ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<h2>Nam ch\u00e2m Neodymi: Nam ch\u00e2m m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t<\/h2>\n<p>Nam ch\u00e2m Neodymi, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft l\u00e0 NdFeB, l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i nam ch\u00e2m \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t Neodymi (Nd) &#8211; S\u1eaft (Fe) &#8211; Bo (B), v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed Nd2Fe14B. N\u0103m 1982, General Motors Corporation (M\u1ef9) v\u00e0 Sumitomo Special Metals (Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n) \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t minh nam ch\u00e2m Neodymi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn nay, n\u00f3 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i nam ch\u00e2m v\u0129nh c\u1eedu m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn. Nam ch\u00e2m Neodymi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thay th\u1ebf cho c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nam ch\u00e2m c\u0169 trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb m\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0 m\u00f4 t\u01a1 trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2y, \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong loa v\u00e0 tai nghe. Nam ch\u00e2m Neodymi c\u00f3 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng cao nh\u1ea5t trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nam ch\u00e2m. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn, nam ch\u00e2m Neodymi ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eeb. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap loa c\u00f3 nam ch\u00e2m Neodymi nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nam ch\u00e2m kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<h3>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t so s\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a nam ch\u00e2m<\/h3>\n<p>D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng so s\u00e1nh t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nam ch\u00e2m Neodymi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nam ch\u00e2m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c trong driver c\u1ee7a loa:<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\n<th>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t<\/th>\n<th>Neodymi<\/th>\n<th>Alnico<\/th>\n<th>Ferrite<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng (BHmax)<\/td>\n<td>L\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t<\/td>\n<td>G\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng<\/td>\n<td>Y\u1ebfu nh\u1ea5t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>L\u1ef1c t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng (Br)<\/td>\n<td>M\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t<\/td>\n<td>G\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng<\/td>\n<td>Y\u1ebfu nh\u1ea5t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1ec5 m\u1ea5t t\u1eeb (Hci)<\/td>\n<td>Gi\u1eef t\u1eeb l\u00e2u nh\u1ea5t<\/td>\n<td>D\u1ec5 m\u1ea5t t\u1eeb nh\u1ea5t<\/td>\n<td>G\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng Neodymi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<p>B\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng nam ch\u00e2m Neodymi c\u00f3 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t, l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1eef t\u1eeb l\u00e2u nh\u1ea5t. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c nam ch\u00e2m Neodymi c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nam ch\u00e2m kh\u00e1c. M\u1ed9t l\u1ee3i \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a nam ch\u00e2m Neodymi khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong loa l\u00e0 n\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p m\u1ea1ch nam ch\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u1edf b\u00ean trong khe t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a driver. Vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m (Le) c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9n \u00e2m trong driver, l\u00e0m t\u0103ng th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e0ng loa v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00e2m thanh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nam ch\u00e2m Neodymi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi nam ch\u00e2m Alnico.<\/p>\n<h2>\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a nam ch\u00e2m Neodymi trong loa<\/h2>\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1eef t\u1eeb l\u00e2u, nam ch\u00e2m Neodymi c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong loa:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n, gi\u00fap cu\u1ed9n \u00e2m dao \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u00e0i h\u01a1n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1p tuy\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 chung.<\/li>\n<li>Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi nam ch\u00e2m Ferrite v\u00e0 Alnico, gi\u00fap loa c\u00f3 nam ch\u00e2m Neodymi tr\u1edf n\u00ean nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>V\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, nam ch\u00e2m Neodymi c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3m \u0111i kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc, tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nam ch\u00e2m Neodymi v\u1edbi m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb cao v\u1eabn c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1eaft h\u01a1n. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c loa s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nam ch\u00e2m Neodymi, nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf c\u1ee7a nam ch\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra loa nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng. <\/p>\n<h3>\u1ea2nh minh h\u1ecda<\/h3>\n<p>D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u00e1c loa Fountek FR88 (nam ch\u00e2m Ferrite) v\u00e0 FR88EX (nam ch\u00e2m Neodymi) m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111ang ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i. C\u1ee7 loa s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nam ch\u00e2m Ferrite c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i so v\u1edbi nam ch\u00e2m Neodymi, tuy nhi\u00ean, gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/dialtous.com\/image\/ferrite_vs_neodymium.jpg\" alt=\"So s\u00e1nh nam ch\u00e2m Ferrite v\u00e0 Neodymi\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng khi th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 Nam ch\u00e2m loa Ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nam ch\u00e2m v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ea1ch nam ch\u00e2m. Nam ch\u00e2m Neodymi cho ph\u00e9p k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ea1ch nam ch\u00e2m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t so v\u1edbi Ferrite v\u00e0 Alnico, mang l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c so s\u00e1nh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nam ch\u00e2m Neodymi v\u00e0 Alnico th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u00ec \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a driver kh\u00e1c nhau. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, n\u00ean so s\u00e1nh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ea1ch nam ch\u00e2m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Nam ch\u00e2m Neodymi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n hai c\u1ef1c nam ch\u00e2m ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t ngay c\u1ea3 khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nam ch\u00e2m \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn loa c\u00f3 nam ch\u00e2m Neodymi c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u01b0u vi\u1ec7t h\u01a1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nam ch\u00e2m Neodymi c\u00f3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y so v\u1edbi nam ch\u00e2m Alnico.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y, b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec3u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa nam ch\u00e2m Neodymi, Alnico v\u00e0 Ferrite trong c\u1ee7 loa. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t loa v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00e2m thanh t\u1ed1t, h\u00e3y tham kh\u1ea3o loa s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nam ch\u00e2m Neodymi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i t\u1ea1i <a href=\"http:\/\/dialtous.com\">LADEC<\/a>. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i cam k\u1ebft \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<p>*B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft tham kh\u1ea3o t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n tr\u00ean Internet.<\/p>\n<p>Maybelle Vietnam\/ Audible Hertz Shop.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i loa \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9ng (dynamic), t\u1eeb tai nghe nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn cho \u0111\u1ebfn loa s\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3, \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn quan tr\u1ecdng chung: nam ch\u00e2m. Nam ch\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ph\u00eda sau c\u1ee7 loa, c\u00f3 t\u00e2m th\u1eb3ng h\u00e0ng v\u1edbi t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a m\u00e0ng loa v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed3ng (cu\u1ed9n \u00e2m). Nam ch\u00e2m t\u1ea1o [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9139","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dialtous.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9139"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dialtous.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dialtous.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dialtous.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dialtous.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9139"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/dialtous.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9139\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9144,"href":"https:\/\/dialtous.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9139\/revisions\/9144"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dialtous.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9139"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dialtous.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9139"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dialtous.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9139"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}